The Past, Present, and Future in Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA)

Autores de IDIVAL

• Juan Irure Ventura

  Autor

• 

  Marcos López Hoyos

  Autor

Unidades

• INMUNOPATOLOGÍA

  

  Investigador Corresponsable

  Ricardo Blanco Alonso

Abstract

Autoantibodies are a hallmark of autoimmunity and, specifically, antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) are the most relevant autoantibodies present in systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARDs). Over the years, different methods from LE cell to HEp-2 indirect immunofluorescence (IIF), solid-phase assays (SPAs), and finally multianalyte technologies have been developed to study ANA-associated SARDs. All of them provide complementary information that is important to provide the most clinically valuable information. The identification of new biomarkers together with multianalyte platforms will help close the so-called "seronegative gap" and to correctly classify and diagnose patients with SARDs. Finally, artificial intelligence and machine learning is an area still to be exploited but in a next future will help to extract patterns within patient data, and exploit these patterns to predict patient outcomes for improved clinical management.

Keywords

• antinuclear antibodies (ANAs); indirect immunofluorescence (IIF); machine learning; particle-based multi-analyte technology (PMAT); solid-phase assays; systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARDs)