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Changes in the bacterial profile and diversity of the gut microbiota in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.

Fecha de publicación: Fecha Ahead of Print:

Autores de IDIVAL

Autores ajenos al IDIVAL

  • Hernández M
  • Rodríguez-Grande J
  • González-Huerta AJ
  • Velasco EL
  • López LV
  • García IG
  • Fariñas-Álvarez C
  • Montes JC
  • Ocampo-Sosa A
  • Fernández-Martínez M
  • MICROBIOMA-SCT study group

Unidades

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is associated with significant alterations in gut microbiota (GM) composition, affecting transplant success. This study aimed to correlate these GM changes with post-transplant (post-HSCT) outcomes. METHODS: A prospective multicentre cohort study was conducted between June 2017 and December 2021 in three Spanish hospitals. Stool samples from allo-HSCT recipients were collected before HSCT, and at 14-, 30-, 60-, and 100-days post-HSCT. Bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequences were characterized and microbial diversity assessed. RESULTS: Analysis of 409 samples from 95 patients revealed significant longitudinal GM shifts. Alpha diversity significantly decreased at days 14 (p<0.001), 30 (p<0.001), and 60 (p=0.002) compared to baseline. A distinct shift in dominant taxonomic profiles was observed, notably a significant decrease in Blautia abundance (p<0.001). Patients with acute gastrointestinal graft-versus-host disease (GI-GVHD) (p=0.009), bacteraemia (p=0.014), or death (p<0.001) exhibited significantly lower Blautia levels. LEfSe analysis identified 22 differential taxa between deceased and surviving patients; the former showed higher abundance of potential pathogens such as Enterococcus_H (p=0.026), Enterococcus_A (p=0.019), and Staphylococcus (p=0.009). CONCLUSIONS: Significant variations in the GM's taxonomic profiles and relative abundances post-HSCT, particularly the decrease in Blautia and the increase in certain pathogens, are associated with poorer clinical outcomes.

Copyright © 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

Datos de la publicación

ISSN/ISSNe:
1878-3511, 1878-3511

International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases  ELSEVIER SCI LTD

Tipo:
Article
Páginas:
108117-108117
PubMed:
41077329

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Keywords

  • 16S rRNA gene sequencing; Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; differential abundance; diversity; gut microbiota

Campos de Estudio

Proyectos asociados

Impacto de la colonización intestinal por enterobacterias multirresistentes en las infecciones sistémicas, enfermedad de injerto contra huésped (EICH) y mortalidad de pacientes receptores de trasplante alogénico de progenitores hematopoyéticos (Alo-TPH)

Investigador Principal: María del Carmen Fariñas Álvarez

PI16/01415 . INSTITUTO DE SALUD CARLOS III. . 2017

Composición del microbioma intestinal y su implicación en el desarrollo de infecciones y enfermedad de injerto contra huésped en pacientes receptores de trasplante alogénico de progenitores hematopoyéticos. Estudio MITAPH

Investigador Principal: Claudia González Rico

NVAL21/18 . FUNDACION INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACION MARQUES DE VALDECILLA . 2021

CB21/13/00068 Fariñas Álvarez, María Del Carmen

Investigador Principal: María del Carmen Fariñas Álvarez

CB21/13/00068 . INSTITUTO DE SALUD CARLOS III. . 2022

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